Geological and engineering integrated characteristic modeling
1. Company Profile
Beijing Dihang Times Technology Co., Ltd., as a high-tech enterprise with great influence in the field of oil exploration and development, has won the honor of "specialized, refined and innovative" small and medium-sized enterprises in Beijing for its outstanding technical strength and professional service capabilities. The company's core business focuses on software sales, intelligent oilfield information construction and exploration and development technical services for oilfields. It has demonstrated deep technical background in key areas such as seismic-geological comprehensive research, reservoir prediction and description, full three-dimensional sequence stratigraphic interpretation and geological engineering integration, and can tailor practical solutions according to the geological characteristics of different oilfields and customer needs. The company has a high-quality and professional technical team of 30 people, including 2 doctors and 5 masters. The team members have fine division of labor, including 8 comprehensive project managers (including 1 senior engineer), 14 project backbones (including 5 engineers) and 8 auxiliary technicians. After long-term technical accumulation and practical experience, the company has successfully built a complete software pre-sales and after-sales service system, and formed a number of mature and efficient technical service sequences, which provide a solid guarantee for the smooth development and continuous expansion of the company's business. In terms of software agency and technical services, the company has made remarkable achievements. Its agency software products, such as the OpendTect full three-dimensional sequence interpretation system, play an important role in the study of marine and continental sedimentary basins; the EasyCore digital core description and core database system provides a powerful tool for the management and analysis of core data. In addition, the company has accumulated rich practical experience in technical service projects such as structural-geological comprehensive interpretation and processing-interpretation integration of seismic data (conventional), high-precision prediction of continental clastic reservoirs and fracture-cavity carving of marine carbonate reservoirs (conventional), full 3D sequence stratigraphic interpretation and lithological target identification and characterization (sequence system domain), geological-engineering integrated research controlled by full-process model (conventional and unconventional fields), and high-precision 3D geological and geostress modeling (conventional and unconventional fields). Over the years, the company has maintained close cooperative relations with many well-known oilfield companies such as the Research Institute of Tarim Oilfield Branch, the Peripheral Basin Company of Daqing Oilfield Branch, the Research Institute of Jidong Oilfield Branch, the Research Institute of Liaohe Oilfield Branch, CNPC Overseas Chad, CNPC Overseas Central Asia Institute, Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company Research Institute, Sichuan Basin Center of Exploration Institute, and Chongqing Shale Gas Company. In recent years, the company has carried out a total of 8 geological engineering integration projects, including 1 in the Southwest Oil and Gas Field, 7 in the Xinjiang Oil Field, and 3 other types of projects in the Southwest Oil and Gas Field. Most of these projects have been evaluated as excellent or have passed the acceptance smoothly, which fully demonstrates the company's technical strength and service quality in the industry.
2. Integrated modeling technology
(I) Technical route
The integrated modeling technology is based on rock physical parameter analysis charts, rich core and logging data, pre-stack/post-stack seismic data, etc., with the core goal of building an accurate three-dimensional geological attribute model and integrating geological and drilling data. It runs through key links such as structural fine modeling, reservoir fine fracture modeling, and stress field modeling. In this process, we make full use of a variety of advanced technical means to deeply mine and integrate various types of data, and realize the full-process integrated modeling from seismic data acquisition to ground stress parameter simulation. Through continuous iterative optimization, we finally generate multi-attribute comprehensive results, fine interpretation results, high-precision velocity fine models, and reliable results after actual drilling layer correction, providing comprehensive and accurate geological model support for oil and gas exploration and development.
(II) Key technologies
Structural fine interpretation: Under the scientific guidance of sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy principles, the well-seismic data are closely combined for comparative calibration. Through in-depth research on the laws of stratum sedimentation and fine analysis of seismic reflection characteristics, the stratum interface and structural morphology are accurately identified. For example, in the study of the composite buried mountain top fracture in the Yingmai 32-33 well area, the stage characteristics of the fracture were analyzed in detail, providing an accurate structural framework for subsequent geological modeling and oil and gas exploration.
Fractur prediction technology: The company's independently developed azimuth directional filtering fracture prediction automatic identification and extraction technology has made significant breakthroughs. This technology uses the azimuth control principle to effectively suppress background noise, highlight the effective signal of the fracture, and greatly improve the accuracy of fracture identification. In the polyline extraction process, the extreme ellipse filtering method is used to realize the automatic identification and accurate picking of fractures. Combined with the Likelihood attribute, it successfully breaks through the limitations of traditional fracture qualitative description and realizes the hierarchical characterization from semi-quantitative to quantitative, providing key technical support for the evaluation and development of fracture reservoirs.
Reservoir inversion technology: The company's three-dimensional phase control + high-frequency compensation inversion technology is innovative. Through the iterative solution process based on minimizing the objective function, each target sub-function is carefully set and optimized. In the inversion process, the low-frequency background of the rock physical parameters is ensured to be close to the trend surface given by the user, while maintaining the spatial continuity of the parameters and strictly controlling the parameter results within the given range. After multiple iterations, the inversion results and the known well point target curves are brought to the best approximation state, which significantly improves the vertical and horizontal prediction accuracy of thin reservoirs, providing a strong basis for the fine description of reservoirs and oil and gas resource evaluation.
Velocity modeling technology: Fine velocity space-variable modeling technology is a key link to ensure the accuracy of geological models. This technology fully considers the structural characteristics and velocity change laws of the formation, and constructs a high-precision three-dimensional average velocity body and average velocity profile through rigorous technical processes such as structural constraints and layered verification. In the process of converting from the time domain to the depth domain, the distortion of the structural morphology and reservoir characteristics is effectively avoided, ensuring the reliability of the geological model in the depth domain, and providing an accurate depth benchmark for subsequent geological analysis and well deployment.
Fracture modeling technology: The self-developed special fracture modeling technology realizes dual constraint control of fractures. On the one hand, it makes full use of the intuitive fracture information provided by imaging interpretation, and on the other hand, it combines the quantitative characteristics of seismic attributes to comprehensively and accurately model fractures. In the discrete fracture modeling process, the seismic constraint conditions are comprehensively considered to ensure that the fracture model can truly reflect the distribution and development of underground fractures, providing a reliable model basis for the numerical simulation and development plan design of fractured reservoirs.
Geomechanics modeling technology: The company's one-dimensional and three-dimensional geomechanical integrated comprehensive modeling technology is at the advanced level of the industry. In terms of one-dimensional geostress modeling, Techlog software is used to build an accurate one-dimensional rock mechanics model to deeply analyze the mechanical properties and geostress distribution characteristics of rocks. In the three-dimensional geostress modeling process, Jason, HRS, Petrel and other software platforms are used for inversion constraint modeling and three-dimensional comprehensive mechanical modeling, and structural geological models, fracture fine modeling, rock mechanics parameters and other factors are comprehensively considered to achieve comprehensive simulation and accurate prediction of the geomechanical environment, providing important mechanical parameter support for the engineering design and construction of oil and gas wells.
3. Typical Cases
(I) 3D Modeling of the Whole Basin (Junggar Basin, Xinjiang Oilfield)
In the project of Junggar Basin, Xinjiang Oilfield, the company successfully realized the extraction of any structural profile of the whole basin. This achievement provides an unprecedented comprehensive perspective for the geological research of the basin. More importantly, the company was the first in China to complete the 3D printing of the whole basin structural model. Through the intuitive solid model, it clearly shows the superposition relationship of the vertical strata of the basin, the complex structural form, the distribution of various sedimentary phase belts and the layout of ground facilities. This not only provides an intuitive and accurate geological basis for the strategic selection of the basin, but also plays a key guiding role in risk exploration. At the same time, based on the high-precision basin structural model, in-depth structural evolution analysis is carried out, the evolution process of the ancient structural form of the basin in various geological periods is studied in detail, and the sedimentary laws are accurately implemented, which provides a solid theoretical basis and data support for the top-level design of oil and gas exploration targets, and strongly promotes the exploration and development process of Xinjiang Oilfield in the Junggar Basin.
(II) Shale gas fracture prediction (Zu 203 well area of Chongqing Shale Gas Company)
In the shale gas development project of Zu 203 well area of Chongqing Shale Gas Company, the company gave full play to its technical advantages and combined conventional fracture prediction methods with the independently developed characteristic azimuth directional filtering fracture prediction technology. Through in-depth analysis of geological data and application of advanced technology, the development law of fractures was accurately predicted. In the actual drilling process, the pre-drilling prediction of fractures and the actual drilling results matched more than 80%. This outstanding achievement greatly improved the success rate of shale gas exploration and development, reduced exploration risks, and provided important technical guarantees for the efficient development of Chongqing Shale Gas Company in this well area. It also provided valuable practical experience for the development of my country's shale gas industry.
(III) Fine inversion of thin reservoirs (a certain area)
In the thin reservoir exploration project in a certain area, the company used high-frequency compensation inversion technology to achieve remarkable results. This technology can accurately predict the spatial distribution characteristics of thin sand bodies. On the seismic-inversion profile, the boundaries of thin sand bodies are clearly identifiable and the closure is reliable. Based on the accurate reservoir prediction results, a scientific basis is provided for well location deployment, and subsequent oil testing has also achieved good results, which strongly proves the reliability and effectiveness of the company's thin reservoir exploration and development technology, and provides a successful example for the development of thin reservoir oil and gas resources in similar areas.
(IV) Three-dimensional fine modeling and well location tracking adjustment (Mahu 1 well area, etc.)
In projects such as Mahu 1 well area, the company has constructed a fine geological model including structure, formation, and fault based on high-precision structural seismic interpretation results. At the same time, combined with the reservoir inversion results, an accurate three-dimensional reservoir physical property model was established using the simulation constraint method. Taking the MHHW12012 well as an example, in the process of horizontal well trajectory design and tracking adjustment, the rich information provided by these models is fully utilized to dynamically optimize the well trajectory according to the actual drilling situation. Through the precise control and adjustment of parameters such as wellhead coordinates, target coordinates, target depth, inclination, azimuth, oil layer top depth, oil layer bottom depth, distance between target and oil layer top, horizontal displacement, etc., it is ensured that horizontal wells can accurately cross oil and gas rich areas, improve oil and gas production efficiency, and provide strong technical support for the efficient development of oil fields.
(V) High-precision geostress comprehensive modeling (Mahu 7 Well, etc.)
In projects such as Mahu 7 Well, the company implemented high-precision geostress comprehensive modeling covering two important aspects: one-dimensional and three-dimensional geostress modeling. In one-dimensional geostress modeling, through detailed analysis of well wall collapse and induced fractures, combined with advanced technical means such as SonicScanner, key parameters such as geostress orientation, overlying formation pressure, pore pressure, and rock strength are accurately determined. In the process of three-dimensional geostress modeling, the elastic parameter inversion, structural geological modeling, fracture fine modeling, rock mechanics modeling and other technologies are comprehensively used to construct a series of high-precision models such as three-dimensional Poisson's ratio model, three-dimensional Young's modulus model, minimum horizontal principal stress model, three-dimensional brittle index model, two-way stress difference model, and maximum horizontal principal stress model. Based on the distribution law of stress magnitude and direction in three-dimensional space revealed by these models, a scientific basis is provided for the optimization of new well deployment layers, the optimization of trajectory orientation, and the refinement of fracturing production increase design, which effectively improves the production capacity of oil and gas wells and the development benefits of oil and gas fields.
(VI) Top-level scheme design for the establishment of the Sichuan Basin structural entity model
In the Sichuan Basin project, the company took the Shuangyushi structural entity model as the core, conducted in-depth research on each link of basin modeling, and established a set of comprehensive and scientific quantitative standards for each stage of basin modeling. Through detailed modeling and analysis of key strata such as the bottom of the Lower Permian (P1l), the bottom of the Lower Permian (P1q + P1l), the bottom of the Upper Permian (P2l), and the bottom of the Triassic (T1j), a solid foundation has been laid for the top-level scheme design of the Sichuan Basin. These quantitative standards cover multiple aspects such as geological data collection, model building methods, parameter selection and verification, and provide standardized guidance for oil and gas exploration and development in the Sichuan Basin, which will help improve exploration and development efficiency, reduce costs, and promote the efficient development and utilization of oil and gas resources in the Sichuan Basin.